About this tree
Salix alba, commonly known as the white willow, is a medium to large deciduous tree native to Europe, western and central Asia, and parts of northern Africa. Typically found along riverbanks, wetlands and moist plains, it can reach heights of 10–30 m with an irregular, spreading crown and grey-brown, deeply fissured bark. The top of the slender lance-shaped leaves is green, while the underside is covered in fine silvery-white hairs, giving the species its common name. Like all willows, S. alba is dioecious, with male and female catkins appearing in early spring; after pollination the female catkins lengthen and release numerous tiny seeds encased in silky hairs that aid wind dispersal. White willow grows quickly, but it is relatively short-lived and susceptible to diseases such as watermark disease. Its light, flexible wood has been traditionally used for baskets, furniture, small tools, and charcoal, and the bark contains salicin, a precursor to aspirin and a basis of ancient folk remedies for pain and fever. Ecologically, S. alba stabilises soils, supports bank restoration, and provides nectar in the early spring for pollinators and habitat for birds and insects. Culturally, willows are rich in symbolism across Europe and beyond, often associated with both sorrow and resilience in art, literature, and folklore.